Tetrahydrofurfuryl Acrylate, often abbreviated as THFA, stands out as a specialized acrylate monomer. The chemical carries the formula C9H12O3 and has a molecular weight of 168.19 g/mol. Its unique composition comes from combining an acrylate group with a tetrahydrofurfuryl ring, features that shape both its properties and performance in applications. The product is often listed under HS Code 2916190090 for international shipping and customs. In a laboratory or production setting, Tetrahydrofurfuryl Acrylate appears as a clear, colorless to light yellow liquid. Its slight ester-like smell gives an unmistakable signature to those familiar with acrylate chemicals. Physically, it holds a density of approximately 1.11 g/cm³ at 25°C. Typically supplied as a stable liquid, it does not form flakes, solids, powder, or pearls at normal temperatures, setting it apart from other acrylates or resin monomers that sometimes come in solid forms. Solubility in common organic solvents like alcohols, esters, and ketones ensures ease during formulation, while limited water solubility points to its selective reactivity. Vapor pressure remains low, reducing concerns about rapid evaporation at ambient temperature and supporting better control during handling and processing.
Direct experience in a formulation lab shows that Tetrahydrofurfuryl Acrylate exhibits strong reactive characteristics due to the acrylate functional group. This double-bonded carbon chain actively participates in radical polymerizations, making THFA a preferred monomer for ultraviolet (UV) or electron beam (EB) curing systems. The presence of the tetrahydrofurfuryl ring, which brings a certain flexibility compared to simpler acrylates, translates into finished products with less brittleness and improved resilience against cracking. Specific properties like high wettability and low viscosity make this raw material suitable for blends in high-performance coatings, adhesives, and even some dental materials. In my own time working with formulations for industrial coatings, choosing THFA leads to smoother processing and greater resistance to yellowing under UV exposure compared to alternatives. It resists rapid degradation from moisture and air, which counts when synthesizing stable, long-lasting polymers. As with many acrylates, THFA comes with certain handling requirements: it can cause skin or eye irritation, mainly due to its reactive double bond, so gloves, goggles, and proper ventilation are essential. For shipping or regulatory paperwork, its classification as a hazardous material should not be overlooked, with standard labeling indicating both its harmful and flammable nature. Its flash point stands around 99°C, marking it less volatile than lighter acrylates but still demanding respect in handling and storage.
Specifications and product quality play huge roles in chemical manufacturing. Commercial THFA must meet standards for purity, typically ensured at above 98%. Specific gravity ranges from 1.10–1.12 at room temperature. As a liquid, THFA provides consistent dosing, which helps avoid the mixing hiccups linked to solid or powdered monomers. For engineers and chemists focused on raw material selection, this trait alone simplifies equipment cleaning and reduces error in recipes. In actual practice, I have found that using THFA as a co-monomer in resins brings flexibility, increased adhesion to plastic or metal, and strong crosslink density after curing. These benefits push THFA into specialty coatings, inks, and adhesive tapes, sometimes even playing a role in medical device manufacturing for items that need both reliability and controlled flexibility. Its intermediate water resistance bridges the gap between totally hydrophobic acrylates and more soluble options, making it appealing where balance is key.
THFA requires careful risk management. Storage demands tightly closed containers, ideally under nitrogen or another inert gas, far from UV light and oxidants. Chemical distributors and manufacturers keep it in corrosion-resistant drums or IBCs to guard against leaks and contamination. Contact with skin or eyes leads to irritation or sensitization, so even minimal splashes call for immediate washing and medical follow-up. Though less acutely toxic than some monomers, THFA still fits within the GHS (Globally Harmonized System) of chemical labeling with hazard pictograms for health and environmental impact. Spills need to be contained using absorbent material and disposed of in line with local and national regulations. In my own work, clear labeling and continual staff training have proven necessary, especially as regulations tighten and traceability becomes more important. Proper SDS (Safety Data Sheet) documentation, correct packing groups, and adherence to UN number 3082 highlight the global commitment to safe, responsible use. Long-term environmental impact gets regular review, and any accidental release into water or soil should be reported and handled rapidly to avoid harm.
Current industry trends see more attention paid to both worker safety and environmental standards. Engineering controls, improved extraction systems, and smarter packaging can lower the risk of exposure to harmful chemicals such as THFA. Some manufacturers turn to pre-measured, sealed dosage forms, minimizing handling time and contact risk. Investing in clear hazard communication and onsite emergency response training has helped in my team’s experience to reduce incident rates and keep everyone up to date on best practices. Because THFA features in high-value production streams, evaluating supplier documentation, ensuring raw material traceability, and regularly auditing purity and contaminant levels safeguard both health and product quality. Looking ahead, research into alternative acrylate products or green chemistry might offer routes to further reduce toxicity and flammability, though the high performance of THFA keeps it in demand for now.
